General form of registration statement for all companies including face-amount certificate companies

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
(a)Basis of presentation:
The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). In management’s opinion, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature that are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. The Company’s interim period results do not necessarily indicate the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full fiscal year. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements.
The significant accounting policies applied in the annual consolidated financial statements of the Company as of December 31, 2020, have been applied consistently in these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements, unless otherwise stated.
(b)Use of estimates:
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions. The Company’s management believes that the estimates, judgments and assumptions used are reasonable based upon information available at the time they are made. These estimates, judgments and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic has created, and may continue to create significant uncertainty in macroeconomic conditions, and the extent of its impact on the Company’s operational and financial performance will depend on certain developments, including the duration and spread of the outbreak and the impact on Company’s customers. Based on public reporting and Company’s observations, some advertisers in certain industries, such as the automotive industry, decreased their short-term advertising spending in light of supply chain disruptions and/or labor shortage. This in turn could negatively impact the Company’s revenues from such advertisers.
The Company have considered the impact of COVID-19 on its estimates and assumptions and determined that there were no material adverse impacts on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and year ended December 31, 2020. As events continue to evolve and additional information becomes available, the Company’s estimates and assumptions may change materially in future periods.
The Company obtained an unsecured loan of $3,516 in April 2020 due to uncertainties related to COVID-19. The loan was obtained through Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) under the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP Loan”) pursuant to the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) and the Paycheck Protection Program Flexibility Act (the “Flexibility Act”). Under the terms of the CARES Act, recipients can apply for and receive forgiveness for all or a portion of loans granted under the PPP. Such forgiveness will be determined, subject to limitations, based on the use of loan proceeds for certain permissible purposes as set forth in the PPP, including, but not limited to, payroll costs (as defined under the PPP) and mortgage interest, rent or utility costs (collectively, “Qualifying Expenses”) and the maintenance of employee and compensation levels (“Other Conditions”). The Company has been using the proceeds of the PPP Loan, for Qualifying Expenses and complied with Other Conditions.
In May 2020, the Company has entered into grant agreement (“Grant Agreement”) with Special Situations Investing Group II, LLC (“SSIG”) to receive $504 from SSIG, related party of one of its investors, for the purpose of a partial repayment of the PPP Loan. The PPP loan was partially repaid in May 2020, according to the Grant Agreement.
The Company fully repaid the PPP loan in June, 2021 (unaudited).
(c)Goodwill and intangible assets:
Goodwill and certain other purchased intangible assets have been recorded in the Company's financial statements as a result of acquisitions. Goodwill represents excess of the purchase price in a business combination over the fair value of identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized, but rather is subject to an impairment test.
The Company allocates goodwill to reporting units based on the expected benefit from the business combination. Reporting units are evaluated when changes in the Company’s operating structure occur, and if necessary, goodwill is reassigned using a relative fair value allocation approach. The Company currently has one reporting unit.
ASC 350, Intangible—Goodwill and other (“ASC 350”) requires goodwill to be tested for impairment at least annually and, in certain circumstances, between annual tests. The accounting guidance gives the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary. The qualitative assessment considers events and circumstances that might indicate that a reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying amount. If it is determined, as a result of the qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative test is performed. The Company operates as one reporting unit. The Company elects to perform an annual impairment test of goodwill as of October 1 of each year, or more frequently if impairment indicators are present. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, no impairments of goodwill were recorded.
Separately acquired intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost including directly attributable costs. Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are measured at fair value at the acquisition date.
Intangible assets with a finite useful life are amortized over their useful life and reviewed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, no impairments of intangible assets were recorded.
(d)Software development costs:
Software development costs, which are included in property and equipment, net, consists of capitalized costs related to purchase and develop internal-use software. The Company uses it to provide services to its customers. The costs to purchase and develop internal-use software are capitalized from the time that the preliminary project stage is completed, and it is considered probable that the software will be used to perform the function intended. These costs include personnel and related employee benefits for employees directly associated with the software development and external costs of the materials or services consumed in developing or obtaining the software. Any costs incurred during subsequent efforts to upgrade and enhance the functionality of the software are also capitalized. Once this software is ready for use in providing the Company's services, these costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the software, which is 3 years. The amortization will be presented within cost of revenues in the consolidated statements of operations. During the period ended September 30, 2021, the Company capitalized $1,049 in internal-use software cost.
(e)Fair value of financial instruments:
The Company applies a fair value framework in order to measure and disclose its financial assets and liabilities. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs, where available, and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1 - Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2 - Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.
The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted deposits, trade receivables, net, and trade payables. Their historical carrying amounts are approximate fair values due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.
The Company measures its investments in money market funds classified as cash equivalents and warrants liability at fair value.
The following table present information about the Company’s financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
September 30, 2021
(Unaudited)
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Assets:
Money market funds $ 11,013  $ —  $ — 
Liabilities:
Warrants liability $ —  $ —  $ 3,690 
December 31, 2020
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Assets:
Money market funds $ 9,009  $ —  $ — 
Liabilities:
Warrants liability $ —  $ —  $ 499 
The change in the fair value of the Warrants liability is summarized below:
September 30, December 31
2021 2020
(Unaudited)
Beginning of the period
$ 499  $ 413 
Change in fair value 3,191  86 
End of the period
$ 3,690  $ 499 
The warrants were classified as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy because some of the inputs used in the valuation (the stock price) were determined based on management’s assumptions. The Company estimates the fair value of the Warrants liability using Black-Scholes option pricing model. Gains and losses from the remeasurement of the warrants liability are recognized in finance expenses, net in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2021 (unaudited), and December 2020, the risk-free rate used for the valuation of the warrants was 0.07% and 0.1%, volatility used was 70% and 75%. The time to liquidation were 0.8 years for warrants related to Series A preferred stocks and 0.6 years related to Series C as of September 30, 2021 (unaudited). The time to liquidation were 1.6 years for warrants related to Series A preferred stocks and 1.5 years related to Series C as of December 31, 2020.
Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instruments. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect these estimates.
(f)Concentrations of credit risks:
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and trade receivables, net.
The majority of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents are invested in deposits with major banks in America and Israel. Generally, these investments may be redeemed upon demand and, therefore, bear minimal risk.
The Company’s trade receivables, net are mainly derived from sales to customers located in the U. S., Asia-Pacific region (“APAC”), Europe, the Middle East and Africa region (“EMEA”), and Latin America region
(“LATAM”). The Company mitigates its credit risks by performing an ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial conditions.
The Company have no off-balance-sheet concentration of credit risk such as foreign exchange contracts, option contracts or other foreign hedging arrangements.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (unaudited) and 2020 (unaudited), one of the Company’s customers accounted for the Company’s total revenues as presented below:
Nine months ended September 30,
2021 2020
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
Customer A
% 10  %
(g)Warrants:
The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance. The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments, meet the definition of a liability under ASC 480, and meet all of the requirements for equity classification, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent reporting period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
Warrants that meet all the criteria for equity classification, are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital. Warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, are required to be recorded as liabilities at their initial fair value on the date of issuance and remeasured to fair value at each balance sheet date thereafter. The liability-classified warrants are recorded under non-current liabilities. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized in “Financial expenses, net” in the consolidated statements of operations.
(h)Revenue recognition:
The Company generates revenues from providing Advertising Services to advertisers, publishers and media agencies. The services focus on standard, interactive and data driven digital video advertising. The Company major revenue streams are ad serving and creative services. Ad Serving services relate to utilizing Innovid’s platform to serve advertising impressions to various digital publishers across CTV, mobile TV, desktop TV, display, and other channels. Creative services relate to the design and development of interactive data-driven and dynamic ad formats by adding data, interactivity and dynamic features to standard ad units.
The Company adopted ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”) with a date of initial application of January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective transition method, applied to all open contracts.
The Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised services in an amount that reflects the consideration that the company expects to receive in exchange for those services. The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from contracts with customers (“ASC 606”) and determines revenue recognition through the following steps: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when a performance obligation is satisfied.
For arrangements with multiple performance obligations, which represent promises within an arrangement that are capable of being distinct and are separately identifiable, the Company allocates the contract consideration to all distinct performance obligations based on their relative stand-alone selling price (“SSP”).
Revenues related to ad serving services are recognized at a point in time. The Company recognizes revenue from the display of impression-based ads in the contracted period in which the impressions are delivered. Impressions are considered delivered when an ad is displayed to users.
Revenues related to creative services are recognized at a point in time, when the Company delivers an ad unit. Creative services projects are usually delivered within a week.
The Company’s accounts receivable, consist primarily of receivables related to providing ad serving and creative services, in which the Company’s contracted performance obligations have been satisfied, amount billed and the Company has an unconditional right to payment. The Company typically bills customers on a monthly basis based on actual delivery. The payment terms vary, mainly with terms of net 60 days or less.
Typical contract term is twelve months or less for ASC 606 purposes. Some of the Company’s contracts can be cancelled without a cause. The Company has unconditional right to payment for the services provided as of the date of the termination of the contracts.
The Company applies the practical expedient in ASC 606 and does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the Company transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less.
Ad serving services were 93.8% and 97.0% of the Company’s revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (unaudited) and 2020 (unaudited), respectively. Creative services were 4.8% and 2.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (unaudited) and 2020 (unaudited), respectively.
Costs to obtain a contract:
Contract costs include commission programs to compensate sales employees for generating sales orders with new customers or for new services with existing customers. The Company elected to apply the practical expedient and recognize incremental costs of obtaining a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. The Company did not capitalize any contract costs during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (unaudited) and 2020 (unaudited).
(i)Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted by the Company:
As an “emerging growth company”, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”) allows the Company to delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. The Company has elected to use this extended transition period under the JOBS Act. The Company have not adopted any new standards in the periods presented.
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”). The final guidance issued by the FASB for convertible instruments eliminates two of the three models in ASC 470-20 that require separate accounting for embedded conversion features. Separate accounting is still required in certain cases. Additionally, among other changes, the guidance eliminates some of the conditions for equity classification in ASC 815-40-25 for contracts in an entity’s own equity. The guidance also requires entities to use the if-converted method for all convertible instruments in the diluted earnings per share calculation and include the effect of share settlement for instruments that may be settled in cash or shares, except for certain liability-classified share-based payment awards. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”). The new guidance eliminates certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of
deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. It also clarifies and simplifies other aspects of the accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). The ASU 2016-13 requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The ASU 2016-13 requires enhanced qualitative and quantitative disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization’s portfolio. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued an ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). ASC 842 changes the current lease accounting standard by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities for all leases, including those currently classified as operating leases. This new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
Other issued new guidance is not expected to have impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
(a)Basis of presentation:
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative U.S. GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). The consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and the consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
(b)Use of estimates:
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions. The Company’s management believes that the estimates, judgments and assumptions used are reasonable based upon information available at the time they are made. These estimates, judgments and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic has created, and may continue to create significant uncertainty in macroeconomic conditions, and the extent of its impact on the Company’s operational and financial performance will depend on certain developments, including the duration and spread of the outbreak and the impact on the Company’s customers. The Company considered the impact of COVID-19 on the estimates and assumptions and determined that there were no material adverse impacts on the consolidated financial statements for the period ended December 31, 2020. As events continue to evolve and additional information becomes available, the Company’s estimates and assumptions may change materially in future periods.
The Company obtained an unsecured loan of $3,516 in April 2020 due to uncertainties related to COVID-19. The loan was obtained through Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) under the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP
Loan”) pursuant to the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) and the Paycheck Protection Program Flexibility Act (the “Flexibility Act”). Under the terms of the CARES Act, recipients can apply for and receive forgiveness for all or a portion of loans granted under the PPP. Such forgiveness will be determined, subject to limitations, based on the use of loan proceeds for certain permissible purposes as set forth in the PPP, including, but not limited to, payroll costs (as defined under the PPP) and mortgage interest, rent or utility costs (collectively, “Qualifying Expenses”) and the maintenance of employee and compensation levels (“Other Conditions”). The Company has been using the proceeds of the PPP Loan, for Qualifying Expenses and complied with Other Conditions.
In May 2020, the Company has entered into grant agreement (“Grant Agreement”) with Special Situations Investing Group II, LLC (“SSIG”) to receive $504 from SSIG, related party of one of its investors, for the purpose of a partial repayment of the PPP Loan. The PPP loan was partially repaid in May 2020, according to the Grant Agreement.
The Company has not filed an application for forgiveness of the reminder of the PPP Loan in the amount of $3,012 as of December 31, 2020. For further information see Note 18.
Principles of consolidation:
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.
(c)Functional currency:
A majority of the Company’s revenues are generated in U.S. dollars. In addition, a substantial portion of the Company’s costs are incurred in U.S. dollars. The Company’s management believes that the U.S. dollar is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company and each of its subsidiaries operate. Thus, the functional and reporting currency of the Company and its subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, accounts maintained in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are re-measured into U.S. dollars. All translation gains and losses resulting from the re-measurement of monetary assets and liabilities that are not denominated in the functional currency are recorded in Financial expenses, net on the consolidated statements of operations.
(d)Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash equivalents are short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to cash with original maturities of three months or less, at the date acquired.
(e)Restricted deposits and restricted cash:
Restricted deposits presented in prepaid expenses and other current assets and in long-term restricted deposits are deposits used as security for the Company’s credit cards and for the rental of premises. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company’s restricted deposits were in New Israeli Shekels (“NIS”) and bore interest at weighted average interest rates of 0.01% and 0.03%, respectively. Restricted deposits are presented at their cost, including accrued interest.
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the statement of financial position to the consolidated statements of cash flows.

December 31,

2020
2019
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 15,645  $ 11,641 
Restricted cash included in prepaid expenses and other current assets —  140 
Restricted cash included in restricted deposits
447  416 
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows
$ 16,092  $ 12,197 
(f)Property and equipment, net:
Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, at the following annual rates:

Years
Computers and peripheral equipment
3
Office furniture and equipment
5-7
Lease improvements The shorter of the lease term or the useful life of the asset
(g)Impairment of long-lived assets:
Long-lived assets, including property and equipment and finite-lived intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever facts or circumstances either internally or externally may indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. If there are indications of an impairment, the Company tests for recoverability by comparing the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset to the carrying amount of the asset or asset group. If the asset or asset group is determined to be impaired, any excess of the carrying value of the asset or asset group over its estimated fair value is recognized as an impairment loss.
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, no impairments of long-lived assets were recorded.
(h)Business combinations:
The Company accounts for business combinations by applying the provisions of ASC 805, “Business Combination” and allocates the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. When determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, management makes significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets.
Acquisition-related expenses are expensed as incurred.
(i)Goodwill and intangible assets:
Goodwill and certain other purchased intangible assets have been recorded in the Company's financial statements as a result of acquisitions. Goodwill represents excess of the purchase price in a business combination over the fair value of identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized, but rather is subject to an impairment test.
The Company allocates goodwill to reporting units based on the expected benefit from the business combination. Reporting units are evaluated when changes in the Company’s operating structure occur, and if necessary, goodwill is reassigned using a relative fair value allocation approach. The Company currently has one reporting unit.
ASC 350, Intangible—Goodwill and other (“ASC 350”) requires goodwill to be tested for impairment at least annually and, in certain circumstances, between annual tests. The accounting guidance gives the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary. The qualitative assessment considers events and circumstances that might indicate that a reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying amount. If it is determined, as a result of the qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative test is performed. The Company operates as one reporting unit. The Company elects to perform an annual impairment test of goodwill as of October 1 of each year, or more frequently if impairment indicators are present. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, no impairments of goodwill were recorded.
Separately acquired intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost including directly attributable costs. Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are measured at fair value at the acquisition date.
Intangible assets with a finite useful life are amortized over their useful life and reviewed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, no impairments of intangible assets were recorded.
Amortization is calculated over the estimated useful lives of the assets using straight-line amortization methods:

Years
Technology
3
Customer relationships 1.5
(j)Fair value of financial instruments:
The Company applies a fair value framework in order to measure and disclose its financial assets and liabilities. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs, where available, and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1 - Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2 - Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.
The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted deposits, trade receivables, net, and trade payables. Their historical carrying amounts are approximate fair values due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.
The Company measures its investments in money market funds classified as cash equivalents and warrants liability at fair value.
The following table present information about the Company’s financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

December 31, 2020

Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Assets:
Money market funds $ 9,009  $ —  $ — 
Liabilities:
Warrants liability $ —  $ —  $ 499 

December 31, 2019

Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Assets:
Money market funds $ 11,001  $ —  $ — 
Liabilities:
Warrants liability $ —  $ —  $ 413 
The warrants were classified as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy because some of the inputs used in the valuation (the stock price) were determined based on management’s assumptions. The Company estimates the fair
value of the Warrants liability using Black-Scholes option pricing model. Gains and losses from the remeasurement of the warrants liability are recognized in finance expenses, net in the consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2020, and 2019, the risk free rate used for the valuation of the warrants was 0.1% and 1.2% volatility used was 75% and 70%. The time to liquidation were 1.6 years for warrants related to Series A preferred stocks and 1.5 years related to Series C as of December 31, 2020. The time to liquidation were less than a year for warrants related to Series A preferred stocks and 2.5 years related to Series C as of December 31, 2019. For further information see Note 10.
The change in the fair value of the Warrants liability is summarized below:

December 31,

2020
2019
Beginning of the year
$ 413  $ 389 
Change in fair value 86  24 
End of the year 499  413 
Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instruments. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect these estimates.
(k)Trade receivable, net:
The Company records trade receivable at the invoiced amount. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts to reserve for potentially uncollectible receivables. The expectation of collectability is based on a review of credit profiles of customers, contractual terms and conditions, current economic trends, and historical payment experience. The Company regularly reviews the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts by considering the age of each outstanding invoice and the collection history of each customer to determine the appropriate amount of allowance for doubtful accounts. Trade receivables deemed uncollectible are charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts when identified.
(l)Accrued post-employment benefits:
i.401(k) profit sharing plans:
The Company has a 401(k) retirement savings plan with a safe harbor employer match with a maximum of 4% employer contribution for its eligible employees in the U.S. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded expenses for matching contributions in the amount of $705 and $569, respectively.
ii.Severance pay:
The Israeli Severance Pay Law, 1963 (“Severance Pay Law”), specifies that employees are entitled to severance payment, following the termination of their employment. Under the Severance Pay Law, the severance payment is calculated as one-month salary for each year of employment, or a portion thereof.
The Israeli Subsidiary’s liability for all of its Israeli employees is covered by the provisions of Section 14 of the Severance Pay Law (“Section 14”). Under Section 14 employees are entitled to monthly deposits, at a rate of 8.33% of their monthly salary, continued on their behalf to their insurance funds. Payments in accordance with Section 14 release the Company from any future severance payments in respect of those employees. As a result, the Company does not recognize any liability for severance pay due to these employees and the deposits under Section 14 are not recorded as an asset in the Company’s balance sheets.
Severance pay expenses for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, amounted to approximately $600 and $579, respectively.
(m)Income taxes and tax contingencies:
Income taxes are computed using a balance sheet approach reflecting both current and deferred taxes. Current and deferred taxes reflect the tax impact of all of the events included in the financial statements. The basic principles employed in the balance sheet approach are to reflect a current tax liability or asset that is recognized for the estimated taxes payable or refundable on tax returns for the current and prior years, a deferred tax liability or asset that is recognized for the estimated future tax effects attributable to temporary differences and carryforwards, the measurement of current and deferred tax liabilities and assets is based on provisions of the enacted tax law of which the effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated, and the measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced, if necessary, by the amount of any tax benefits that, based on available evidence, are not expected to be realized. There are certain situations in which deferred taxes are not provided. Some basis differences are not temporary differences because their reversals are not expected to result in taxable or deductible amounts.
The Company regularly evaluates deferred tax assets for future realization and establish a valuation allowance to the extent that a portion is not more likely than not to be realized. The Company considers whether it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized, including existing cumulative losses in recent years, expectations of future taxable income, carryforward periods, and other relevant quantitative and qualitative factors. The recoverability of the deferred tax assets is evaluated by assessing the adequacy of future expected taxable income from all sources, including reversal of taxable temporary differences, forecasted operating earnings and available tax planning strategies. These sources of income rely on estimates.
ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740) contains a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring a liability for uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that, on an evaluation of the technical merits, the tax position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% (cumulative basis) likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company classifies interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in taxes on income.
On December 20, 2017, Congress passed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “U. S. Tax Act”). The U.S. Tax Act requires complex computations to be performed that were not previously required by U.S. tax law, significant judgments to be made in interpretation of the provisions of the U.S. Tax Act, significant estimates in calculations, and the preparation and analysis of information not previously relevant or regularly produced the Act provides that a person who is a U.S. shareholder of any controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”) is required to include its global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) in gross income for the tax year in a manner generally similar to that for Subpart F inclusions. The term “global intangible low-taxed income” is defined as the excess (if any) of the U.S. shareholder’s net CFC tested income for that tax year, over the U.S. shareholder’s net deemed tangible income return for that tax year. The Company’s policy is to treat GILTI as a period expense in the provision for income taxes.
(n)Concentrations of credit risks:
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and trade receivables, net.
The majority of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents are invested in deposits with major banks in America and Israel. Generally, these investments may be redeemed upon demand and, therefore, bear minimal risk.
The Company’s trade receivables, net are mainly derived from sales to customers located in the U. S., Asia-Pacific region (“APAC”), Europe, the Middle East and Africa region (“EMEA”), and Latin America region (“LATAM”). The Company mitigates its credit risks by performing an ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial conditions.
The Company have no off-balance-sheet concentration of credit risk such as foreign exchange contracts, option contracts or other foreign hedging arrangements.
During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, two of the Company’s customers accounted for approximately 18% and 21%, respectively, of the Company’s total revenues as presented below:

Year ended December 31,

2020
2019
Customer A
8 % 11  %
Customer B
10 % 10  %

18 % 21  %
(o)Stock-based compensation:
The Company estimates the fair value of stock-based awards on the date of grant. The fair value of stock options with only service conditions is determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The grant date fair value of the stock-based awards with graded vesting is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The determination of the fair value of the Company’s stock option awards is based on a variety of factors including Company’s common stock price, risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, expected life of awards and dividend yield. The Company has limited option exercise history and has elected to estimate the expected life of the stock option awards using the “simplified method” with the continued use of this method extended until such time that the Company has sufficient exercise history. The expected volatility of the price of such stocks is based on volatility of similar companies whose stock prices are publicly available over a historical period equivalent to the option’s expected term. The expected term of options granted represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding, and is determined based on the simplified method, as adequate historical experience is not available to provide a reasonable estimate. The dividend yield is based on the Company’s historical and future expectation of dividends payouts. Historically, the Company has not paid cash dividends. Risk-free interest rates are based on the yield from U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with a term equivalent to the expected term of the options.
The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.
(p)Warrants:
The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance. The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments, meet the definition of a liability under ASC 480, and meet all of the requirements for equity classification, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent reporting period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
Warrants that meet all the criteria for equity classification, are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital. Warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, are required to be recorded as liabilities at their initial fair value on the date of issuance and remeasured to fair value at each balance sheet date thereafter. The liability-classified warrants are recorded under non-current liabilities. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized in “Financial expenses, net” in the consolidated statements of operations.
(q)Revenue recognition:
The Company generates revenues from providing Advertising Services to advertisers, publishers and media agencies. The services focus on standard, interactive and data driven digital video advertising. The Company major revenue streams are ad serving and creative services. Ad Serving services relate to utilizing Innovid’s platform to serve advertising impressions to various digital publishers across CTV, mobile TV, desktop TV, display, and other channels. Creative services relate to the design and development of interactive data-driven and dynamic ad formats by adding data, interactivity and dynamic features to standard ad units.
The Company adopted ASC, Revenue from Contracts with Customers Topic 606 (“ASC 606”) with a date of initial application of January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective transition method, applied to all open contracts.
The Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised services in an amount that reflects the consideration that the company expects to receive in exchange for those services. The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from contracts with customers (“ASC 606”) and determines revenue recognition through the following steps: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when a performance obligation is satisfied.
For arrangements with multiple performance obligations, which represent promises within an arrangement that are capable of being distinct and are separately identifiable, the Company allocates the contract consideration to all distinct performance obligations based on their relative stand-alone selling price (“SSP”).
Revenues related to ad serving services are recognized at a point in time. The Company recognizes revenue from the display of impression-based ads in the contracted period in which the impressions are delivered. Impressions are considered delivered when an ad is displayed to users.
Revenues related to creative services are recognized at a point in time, when the Company delivers an ad unit, since the Company does not have enforceable right to payment before delivery. Creative services projects are usually delivered within a week.
The Company’s accounts receivable, consist primarily of receivables related to providing ad serving and creative services, in which the Company’s contracted performance obligations have been satisfied, amount billed and the Company has an unconditional right to payment. The Company typically bills customers on a monthly basis based on actual delivery. The payment terms vary, mainly with terms of net 60 days or less.
Typical contract term is twelve months or less for ASC 606 purposes. Some of the Company’s contracts can be cancelled without a cause. The Company has unconditional right to payment for the services provided as of the date of the termination of the contracts.
The Company applies the practical expedient in ASC 606 and does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the Company transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less.
Ad serving services were 96.5% and 96.9% of the Company’s revenues for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Costs to obtain a contract:
Contract costs include commission programs to compensate sales employees for generating sales orders with new customers or for new services with existing customers. The Company elected to apply the practical expedient and recognize incremental costs of obtaining a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. The Company did not capitalize any contract costs during the periods ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
(r)Cost of revenues:
Cost of revenues consists primarily of costs to run the ad serving and creative services. These costs include hosting fees and personnel costs including stock-based compensation, professional services costs and facility related costs. The Company allocates overhead including rent and other facility related costs, communication costs and depreciation expense based on headcount.
(s)Research and development:
Research and development costs are charged to the statements of comprehensive loss as incurred. ASC 350-40, Internal-Use Software (“ASC 350-40”), requires the capitalization of certain costs incurred only during the application development stage.
The Company evaluates periodically Research and development costs that may be eligible for capitalization. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 the Company did not capitalize any costs and concluded that all research and development cost should be expensed as incurred.
(t)Sales and marketing:
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel costs, including stock-based compensation, professional services costs and facility related costs as well as costs related to advertising, product management, promotional materials, public relations, other sales and marketing programs. The Company allocates overhead including rent and other facility related costs, communication costs and depreciation expense based on headcount.
(u)General and administrative:
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel costs, including stock-based compensation, for executive management, finance, accounting, human capital, legal and other administrative functions as well as professional services costs and facility related costs. The Company allocates overhead including rent and other facility related costs, communication costs and depreciation expense based on headcount.
(v)Net loss per common stock:
The Company computes net loss per stock using the two-class method required for participating securities. The two-class method requires income available to common stockholders for the period to be allocated between common stocks and participating securities based upon their respective rights to receive dividends as if all income for the period had been distributed. The Company considers its preferred stocks to be participating securities as the holders of the preferred stocks would be entitled to dividends that would be distributed to the holders of common stocks, on a pro-rata basis assuming conversion of all preferred stocks into common stocks.
These participating securities do not contractually require the holders of such stocks to participate in the Company’s losses. As such, net loss for the periods presented was not allocated to the Company’s participating securities.
The Company’s basic net loss per stock is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders and by the weighted-average number of shares of common stocks outstanding for the period, without consideration of potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per stock is the same as basic net loss per stock in periods when the effects of potentially dilutive stock of common stocks are anti-dilutive.
All outstanding preferred stocks, treasury stocks, warrants and options for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 have been excluded from the calculation of the diluted net loss per stock, because all such securities are anti-dilutive for all periods presented. For further information see Note 18.
(w)Recently adopted accounting pronouncements:
As an “emerging growth company”, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”) allows the Company to delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. The Company has elected to use this extended transition period under the JOBS Act. The adoption dates discussed below reflect this election.
In January 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”). The FASB issued final guidance that eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill to measure a goodwill impairment charge. Instead, entities will record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value. The Company
adopted ASU 2017-04 in the first quarter of 2019. The adoption did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting (“ASU 2018-07”). ASU 2018-07 supersedes Subtopic 505-50 by expanding the scope of Topic 718 to include nonemployee awards and generally aligning the accounting for nonemployee awards with the accounting for employee awards (with limited exceptions). The Company adopted ASU 2017-07 in the first quarter of 2018. The adoption did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). ASU 2018-13 improves the effectiveness of disclosures about fair value measurements required under ASC 820. The Company has adopted ASU 2018-13 on the first quarter of 2019. The adoption did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) (“ASU 2016-18”). The amendments require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents, in addition to changes in cash and cash equivalents. That is, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. Consequently, transfers between cash and restricted cash will not be presented as a separate line item in the operating, investing or financing sections of the cash flow statement. Further, when cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents are presented in more than one line item on the balance sheet, an entity must reconcile these amounts to the total shown on the statement of cash flows, either in narrative or tabular format. This information should be provided on the face of the cash flow statement or in the notes to the financial statements. The Company has adopted the requirements of ASU 2016-18 in the first quarter of 2019. The reconciliation information is provided in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.
(x)Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted by the Company:
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”). The final guidance issued by the FASB for convertible instruments eliminates two of the three models in ASC 470-20 that require separate accounting for embedded conversion features. Separate accounting is still required in certain cases. Additionally, among other changes, the guidance eliminates some of the conditions for equity classification in ASC 815-40-25 for contracts in an entity’s own equity. The guidance also requires entities to use the if-converted method for all convertible instruments in the diluted earnings per share calculation and include the effect of share settlement for instruments that may be settled in cash or shares, except for certain liability-classified share-based payment awards. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”). The new guidance eliminates certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. It also clarifies and simplifies other aspects of the accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). The ASU 2016-13 requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The ASU 2016-13 requires enhanced qualitative and quantitative disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an
organization’s portfolio. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued an ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). ASC 842 changes the current lease accounting standard by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities for all leases, including those currently classified as operating leases. This new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after 15 December, 2021. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
Other issued new guidance is not expected to have impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
ION Acquisition Corp 2 LTD  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X of the SEC. Certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
In management’s opinion, the Company has made all adjustments (consisting only of normal, recurring adjustments, except as otherwise indicated) necessary to fairly present its financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Company’s interim period operating results do not necessarily indicate the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full fiscal year. These financial statements and accompanying notes
should be read in conjunction with the 2020 financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 filed with the SEC on March 29, 2021 (the “2020 Form 10-K”). There have been no changes in the significant accounting policies from those that were disclosed in the audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 included in the 2020 Form 10-K, unless otherwise stated.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries where the Company has the ability to exercise control. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used. 
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statement in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of expenses, assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statement.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statement, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. As of September 30, 2021, and December 31, 2020, the Company did not have any cash equivalents.
Deferred Offering Costs
Deferred offering costs consisted of legal, accounting and other expenses incurred through the balance sheets date that were directly related to the Initial Public Offering. On February 16, 2021, offering costs amounting to
$14,438,150 were charged to shareholders’ equity upon the completion of the Initial Public Offering (see Note 1). As of September 30, 2021, there were $8,855,000 of deferred offering costs recorded in the accompanying balance sheets.
Marketable Securities Held in Trust Account
At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, substantially all of the assets held in the Trust Account were held in U.S. Treasury Bills.
Warrants liability
The Company evaluated the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants (collectively, “Warrants”, which are discussed in Note 8) in accordance with ASC 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity”, and concluded that a provision in the Warrant Agreement related to certain tender or exchange offers, as well as provisions that provided for potential changes to the settlement amounts dependent upon the characteristics of the holder of the warrant, preclude the Warrants from being accounted for as components of equity. As the Warrants meet the definition of a derivative as contemplated in ASC 815 and are not eligible for an exception from derivative accounting, the Warrants are recorded as derivative liabilities on the Balance Sheets and measured at fair value at inception (on the date of the IPO) and at each reporting date in accordance with ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurement”, with changes in fair value recognized in the Statements of Operations in the period of change.
Class A Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Class A ordinary shares subject to mandatory redemption are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable ordinary shares (including ordinary shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) are classified as temporary equity. At all other times, ordinary shares are classified as shareholders’ equity. The Company’s Class A ordinary shares feature certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, at September 30, 2021, Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption are presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ equity section of the Company’s balance sheet.
The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable ordinary shares to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Immediately upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company recognized the accretion from initial book value to redemption amount value. The change in the carrying value of redeemable Class A ordinary shares resulted in charges against additional paid-in capital and accumulated deficit.
At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Class A ordinary shares reflected in the condensed balance sheets are reconciled in the following table:
Gross proceeds $ 253,000,000 
Less:
Proceeds allocated to Public and Private Warrants $ (30,065,074)
Class A ordinary shares issuance costs $ (14,138,380)
Plus:
Proceeds received from issuance of Private Warrants $ 7,060,000 
Accretion of carrying value to redemption value $ 37,143,454 
Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption
$ 253,000,000 
Net Income (Loss) per Ordinary Share
The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share”. The condensed consolidated statements of operations include a presentation of income (loss) per redeemable Class A ordinary share and income (loss) per non-redeemable Class B ordinary share following the two-class method of income (loss) per share. In order to determine the net income (loss) attributable to both the redeemable Class A ordinary shares and the non-redeemable Class B ordinary shares, the Company first considered the total income (loss) allocable to both sets of shares. This is calculated using the total net income (loss) less any dividends paid. For purposes of calculating net income (loss) per share, any remeasurement of the accretion to redemption value of the Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption was considered to be dividends paid to the public shareholders.
The following tables reflect the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per ordinary share (in dollars, except per share amounts):
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2021
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2021
Class A Class B Class A Class B
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per ordinary share
Numerator:
Allocation of net loss $ (1,238,910 ) $ (309,728) $ (3,218,079) $ (950,008)
Accretion of temporary equity to redemption value $ 37,143,454 
Allocation of net income (loss), as adjusted $ (1,238,910 ) $ (309,728) $ 33,925,375  $ (950,008)
Denominator:
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding $ 25,300,000  $ 6,325,000  $ 20,944,322  $ 6,182,967 
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per ordinary share $ (0.05) $ (0.05) $ 1.62  $ (0.15)
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company follows the guidance in ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement”, for its financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at each reporting period, and non-financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at least annually.
The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:
Level 1:Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2:Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.
Level 3:Unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
See Note 10 for additional information on assets and liabilities measured at fair value.
The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, other than the warrants liability described above, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximate the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature. As of September 30, 2021 and February 16, 2021, the Company reported Warrants issued at the consummation of its IPO as financial instruments recorded as liabilities at their respective fair values.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or deductible amounts, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
ASC Topic 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company’s management determined that the Cayman Islands is the Company’s major tax jurisdiction.
The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.
The Company is considered to be an exempted Cayman Islands company with no connection to any other taxable jurisdiction and is presently not subject to income taxes or income tax filing requirements in the Cayman Islands or the United States. As such, the Company’s tax provision was zero for the period presented.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.
Recent Accounting Standards
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statement.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statement has been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has
different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of Estimates 
The preparation of financial statement in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statement.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statement, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2020.
Deferred Offering Costs
Deferred offering costs consisted of legal, accounting and other expenses incurred through the balance sheet date that were directly related to the Initial Public Offering. On February 16, 2021, offering costs amounting to $14,438,150 were charged to shareholders’ equity upon the completion of the Initial Public Offering (see Note 1). As of December 31, 2020, there were $165,778 of deferred offering costs recorded in the accompanying balance sheet.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or deductible amounts, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
ASC Topic 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company’s management determined that the Cayman Islands is the Company’s major tax jurisdiction. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. As of December 31, 2020, there were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.
The Company is considered to be an exempted Cayman Islands company with no connection to any other taxable jurisdiction and is presently not subject to income taxes or income tax filing requirements in the Cayman Islands or the United States. As such, the Company’s tax provision was zero for the period presented.
Net Loss Per Ordinary Share
Net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of ordinary shares issued and outstanding during the period, excluding ordinary shares subject to forfeiture. Weighted average shares were reduced for the effect of an aggregate of 825,000 Class B ordinary shares that were subject to forfeiture depending
on the extent to which the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised (see Note 3). At December 31, 2020, the Company did not have any dilutive securities and other contracts that could, potentially, be exercised or converted into ordinary shares and then share in the earnings of the Company. As a result, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share for the period presented.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheet, primarily due to their short-term nature.
Recent Accounting Standards
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statement.
Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statement has been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statement in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statement.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial
statement, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of February 16, 2021.
Cash Held in Trust Account
At February 16, 2021, the assets held in the Trust Account were held in cash.
Class A Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption (As Restated)
The Company accounts for its Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Class A ordinary shares subject to mandatory redemption are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable ordinary shares (including ordinary shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) are classified as temporary equity. At all other times, ordinary shares are classified as shareholders’ equity. The Company’s Class A ordinary shares feature certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, at February 16, 2021, Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption are presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ equity section of the Company’s balance sheet.
The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable ordinary shares to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Immediately upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company recognized the accretion from initial book value to redemption amount value. The change in the carrying value of redeemable Class A ordinary shares resulted in charges against additional paid-in capital and accumulated deficit.
At February 16, 2021, the Class A ordinary shares reflected in the balance sheet is reconciled in the following table:
Gross proceeds $ 253,000,000 
Less:
Proceeds allocated to Public and Private Placement Warrants
(30,065,074)
Class A ordinary shares issuance costs
(14,138,380)
Plus:
Proceeds received from issuance of Private Placement Warrants
7,060,000 
Accretion of carrying value to redemption value
37,143,454 
Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption
$ 253,000,000 
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or deductible amounts, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
ASC Topic 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company’s management determined that the Cayman Islands is the Company’s major tax jurisdiction. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. As of February 16, 2021, there were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments (As Restated)
The Company follows the guidance in ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement”, for its financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at each reporting period, and non-financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at least annually.
The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:
Level 1:
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2:
Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.
Level 3:
Unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

See Note 10 for additional information on assets and liabilities measured at fair value.
The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, other than the warrants liability described above, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximate the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature. As of February 16, 2021, the Company reported Warrants issued at the consummation of its IPO as financial instruments recorded as liabilities at their respective fair values.
Warrants liability
The Company evaluated the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants (collectively, “Warrants”, which are discussed in Note 9) in accordance with ASC 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity”, and concluded that a provision in the Warrant Agreement related to certain tender or exchange offers, as well as provisions that provided for potential changes to the settlement amounts dependent upon the characteristics of the holder of the warrant, preclude the Warrants from being accounted for as components of equity. As the Warrants meet the definition of a derivative as contemplated in ASC 815 and are not eligible for an exception from derivative accounting, the Warrants are recorded as derivative liabilities on the Balance Sheets and measured at fair value at inception (on the date of the IPO) and at each reporting date in accordance with ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurement”, with changes in fair value recognized in the Statements of Operations in the period of change.
Recent Accounting Standards
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statement.